The Third Ways Ideology In Britain

The three whatever demeanors Ideology In BritainIn this essay I would be discussing how The Third agencys ideologies curb affected the development of Social Policy indoors Britain. I testament be concentrating on their success and failure by comparing it policies with an other(prenominal) the political ideology of The radical repair and The ageing Left. I will be focusing on three of the Third authority policies which atomic number 18 Social, welfargon State and health PolicyThe Third Way is an ideology strongly supported by Tony Blair and the then the States president Bill Clinton. short after the presidential election in America, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown travel lead to America to meet Bill Clinton. They all realise that the share a roach of things in common especially the philosophy of John Macmurray and this was how The Third Way came into existence.In the 1997 jade pronunciamento Tony Blair claimed that bare-ass approach involve to be devoted to all fie ld of ope symmetryn of each polity which would be dissimilar from both The Social Democratic and The new proficient. (Labour Party 1997a). The Third Way was meant to be a form of re red-hotal for Social Democracy and the other parties view it as non-ideological theory without much fact to standpoint on. Tony Blair describes The Third Way as subject matter of updating the welfare enunciate to fit in into the 21st century by given the republic and the community a chance to make a different.In my view, I bank that The Third Way is all about em federal agencyment and given opportunities and panache out to the scurvy especially the less privileged groups which includes lonely(prenominal) parents families, unemployed, disables and pensioners by supporting them into getting jobs and developing their independent skills. The Third Way debate mainly on ending poverty by make it clear to the society that work is the quickest management out of poverty.From my question I can a rgue that The Third Way is a numeral different from both The unfermented adjust and The Old Left, for instance The Old Left put more than(prenominal) focus on the delivery of means but putting less accent on how it would be delivered and non amount outcome trance The bleak Right are more into cutting public servicings which leads to sum up in poverty take and making it nasty for nation to find a way out. The Third Way can overly be described as a means of modernising the approach to politics whilst holding on to its major simple set.One of the aims of The Third Way is to create awareness to the society on how to overcome poverty by providing access to education for all ages and providing teaching and apprenticeship. This is an example of Giddens view of The Third Way as I refer investing in human capital wherever possible sooner than the direct provision of economic maintenance. In place of welfare press out we should put the social investment nation, operating in the context of a dogmatic welfare society. (Giddens, 1998 p177).Tony Blair was very famous for this quote a mitt up sort of than a hand out (Tony Blair) leads me to explain the 4 main values of The Third WayThe four key values of The Third wayThe value of a community Unlike Margaret Thatcher who doesnt reckon that in that location is a society as I quote on that point is no such thing as society there are individual men and women, and there are families. The New Labour was non in support of this and they believe that it was very authorised to provide a service that reflects the needs of the community.Commitment to equal opportunity Deprivation needs to be addressed and it must not be seen as an salve for failing to provide opportunities. For example, whether it is the absence of a GPs surgery on a council estate or uncontrolled crime or poor caparison or failing schools the theory is that the cycle of deprivation can be mixed-up by the community.Emphasis on respons ibility It is very important that an individual takes adequate responsibility for their actions especially the socially excluded group. For example, the government will support those who want to give up smoking but they besides need to do their own part by participating in the service provided.Accountability More effort needs to put into measuring outcome as it plays a major role in purpose out if a indemnity is working and how it can be improved. run needs to be provided in the best way possible and monitored and service provided needs to be held accountable for the success and failure of their service.In the next pages I would be evaluating the policies of The Third Way by comparing them to the other parties policies and focusing on which on what works and what could moderate been done differently.Policies hold PolicyAt the time of Margaret Thatcher beneath the Conservative government, welfare state went through a lot of transformation especially in the area of house pol icy which makes it very important for the other parties coming into forcefulness to ack flatledge the changes.Going back to the beginning of the 19th century nearly 1918 to be precise, the war just ended and the main needs that was identify was housing due to soldiers returning home from war into extreme housing conditions. The government then decided to set up create by mental acts of building naked as a jaybird properties. By the end of 1919 government used part of the income tax revenue to memory projects managed by the councils and making sure that rents are do affordable and within reason.From the conservatives manifesto of 1979, emphasis was laid into fate families own their homes. They identified that a lot of families would like the musical theme of owning their own home but they finds it difficult to raise the deposit for a mortgage or prevented from doing so infra the local authority and the Labour government. The Conservatives decided that it was the right time to bump off all these restrictions by given council tenants the Right to secure their homes.The right to bargain came into effect on 3rd October 1980. Council tenants were allowed to buy their homes. The New Right manifesto made an obligation to introduce Right to Buy this gives secured council tenants of more than 3 long time the right to buy their homes at a heavily discounted price. The policy entitled tenants to buy their homes at a minimum discount of 33% of market value of the house and 44% for flats. But there is a clause to the policy that emphasised that if the property is resold within 3 years, some of the discount should/must be repaid to the local authority.This idea became very favourite and it was one of the ideas that were identified with the conservatives. At the beginning the Labour party was not in support of the right to buy due to the fact that there will be financial consequences and the effect it would have on the stay tenants.But by 1985 the sale of proper ty has increased tremendously as shown in the table belowThis table shows Public sphere new housing completions and Right to Buy sales in Britain (1980-95)Housing completions(000s)Right to Buy sales(000s)19801981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419958666373534272320201817105322182 two hundred14210394911061641861297565616751Source Wilcox (1997)By the time the labour party comes into power in 1997, the right to buy scheme has slow down and they decided to chasten the discount. Labour sees this as a failure be pose two thirds of the families that bought their property chthonian the Right to Buy within the last ten years have accumu new-maded capacious mortgage arrears, negative equity and a huge numbers of homes have been repossessed because families were unable to make payment.During the term of Mrs Thatcher the number of stateless household increased tremendously and it also leads to the economic recession of the late 1980s and early 1990s. The Labour party stat ed in their 1997 manifesto as I quote .the Conservatives want of housing strategy has led to the virtual abandonment of social housing, the growth of homelessness...The Labour Party made it their priority to address what causes the housing market to collapse. They decided that the council should use the cash they received from the sale of property should be used to build new properties and keeping the old ones up to the level of decent homes. The local regimen would be asked to give priority to families of individuals who are homeless but not by their own fault.In my view The New Right are more in support of quick solution but dont unendingly consider the long time effect the housing policy would have on the welfare state while Labours Third Way focused on outcome and prevention. Labour also lays a lot of emphasis on what was the cause and how best to tackle the situation. In regards to the Right to Buy in my opinion it was used by the Conservatives as a way of controlling peopl e i.e. if you have a mortgage you will think twice before going on strike or go out of a job due to the responsibility and mortgage committal while Labour looks at how to help people keep up their repayment and laying out prevention if things goes wrong. I believe that the Right to Buy was a good idea initially but the way it was implemented whitethorn be a bit wrong moreover during the term of Mrs Thatcher the housing market improved a lot.Social benefit PolicyThe new Labour focused on issues faced by the poor i.e. lone parent families, disables, unemployed and pensioners. The Conservatives focused on the idea that individuals performs better when market forces are unleashed (Martin Hewitt). The introduction of the New bay window as part of Labours welfare reform programme is seen as a positive outcome than Conservatives achievement on the workfare welfare. Tony Blair implies that there has been no truly nationwide review of the welfare state in all its elements since the Bev eridge (DSS, 1918a, p iii).The New Deal was introduced in January 1998 and it main focus was to provide support for the poor and less privileged people in the society. At the time there was a rise in people claiming incapacity benefit (1.85 millions) and unemployment has also rise especially in unripened people (80000).When the New Deal was first introduced many politicians opposed to it and some up till now because they believes that people out of work should be neglected. But since the introduction of the New deal more than 1.8 million people have benefited and got into employment and training. over the last 10 years 300000 lone parents are back in work and this is a great way of reducing child poverty.As of now, the New Deal is going through reformation in other to be able to continue to tackle the problems of employment by helping people to develop their skills. The New Deal runs programmes for young people ages 18-25 claiming jobseekers payment (JSA) for more than 6 months. The programme will help them develop skills which would increase their chance of getting into work.In July 1998 the New Deal introduces another programme for people aged 25 and above concentrating mainly on people claiming JSA for over 2 years. Each claimant would be given a personalised adviser that helps them to identify their strength and weakness. It helps them develop and recognise the skills and experience they may already have and empower them to build on it to create opportunities for jobs.New Deal works in partnership voluntary and offstage sector to delivering it services and according to research the New Deal programme has been the about successful innovation of the Labour party. Due to the current recession, unemployment figures have move again.The Conservatives government inherited a welfare state that minimised fraud rather than maximised work (Peck, Workfare 273). thither focus was to restrict eligibility and reduce replacement ratio from 43% in 1972 to 16% (Peck, Workfare 284).Health PolicyThe National Health Service (NHS) was created by the Labour Party more than 60 years ago. When Labour came out of power in May 1979, the NHS was in a good and stable place with good performance outcome on financial structure. The Conservatives were not in support of the idea at the beginning. There was an expectation that it would be dissolved when Margaret Thatcher came into power in 1979 but this failed to fade as stated in her 1979 manifesto I have no intention of dismantling the health service than in dismantling Britains defending team (Margaret Thatcher 1979). However the government aims to bring in competence and competition into health plow market. By allowing hospitals and GPs to compete for funding. They informed health authorities to use private companies where possible i.e. private companies would compete on who could be responsible for the hospital laundry or catering. Others ways hospitals can raise funds chthonian the Conservatives inc ludes renting out space to florist, sweet shops, charging foreign patients for their health care and many more. The New Right were all about privatisation and commercialisation while The Third way is in favour of modernising and providing quality service that would be accountable to the community. Labour plans to stop the privatisation of the NHS in their 1992 manifesto but the at sea to the Conservatives during the election.In my view it is very difficult to conclude which government policy on the NHS has actually works, the quality of care have improved under both governments especially around the waiting time for patients however issues skirt increase in funding and performance target plus lack of good performance outcome can be challenged. I believe that both parties lays good legacy for the NHS and whether their policy work or not they all share the same ideas on some levels. The Third Way, The New Right and The Old Left all have policies focusing on the quasi market.Law and Order PolicyOne of the biggest challenge the Labour party faced law and order. The conservative party were seen as a Party of law and order (Sarah Charman and Stephen P. Savage). On the day that the Conservatives worn the command election in 1979 Margaret Thatcher stated What the country needs is less tax and more law and order (Savage, 1990). The Tories believes that tougher approach needs to be taken and they made a commitment to increase police numbers and power to put an end to crime by waging war against it. New sentences were introduced to the courtyard targeting young offenders new prisons were built to deal with the problem of prison shortages.throng Callaghan stated that the roots of crime are still social deprivation, broken homes and all the rest (Labour Home Secretary, 1970). The Labour party manifesto solve their main concern for future action this includes quick sentence for young continual offenders, clean-up on petty crimes and neighbourhood disorder, reform the Crown quest Service, crime prevention and more police patrolling the streets. The Labour party effected that in other to tackle crime they needs to look intoIt is arduous to establish the success or failure of law and order policy in Britain, Labour appears to be tough on crime and the cause of crime while the Conservatives acknowledged that dramatic short-term improvement is needed. I can only come to one conclusion that Tony Blairs government was more focused on been tougher on crime that both The New Right and The Old Left.